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1 σβέννυμι
+ V 3-5-14-14-9=45 Lv 6,2.5.6; 2 Sm 14,7; 21,17A: to quench, to put out [τι] 2 Sm 14,7; to quench (a feeling) Ct 8,7; to extinguish (glory) [τι] Est 4,17oP: to be quenched, to be put out Lv 6,2; to be quenched, to be quelled Jb 4,10; to be extinguished (of a name) Prv 10,7; to die Ez 32,7*Jb 30,8 ἐσβεσμένον extinguished (of name and fame)-נכהו כהה or-נכבה כבה for MT נכאו נכא or נכה cut of; *Jb 34,26 ἔσβεσεν δέ and he extinguished-וידעך דעך for MT 34,25 וידכאו? and they are crushedCf. SPICQ 1978a, 789-790(n.7); →NIDNTT; TWNT(→ἀποσβέννυμι, κατασβέννυμι,,) -
2 σβέννυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `quench, to extinguish, to be extinguished, extinct (IA.).Other forms: - ύω (Pi., Hp. a. o.), aor. σβέσ(σ)αι (Il.), pass. σβεσθῆναι (IA.), fut. σβέσω (A., E. a. o.); midd. σβέννυμαι (Hes.), aor. σβῆναι (Il.), fut. σβήσομαι (Pl. a. o.), perf. ἔσβηκα (A.), ἔσβεσμαι (Parm. a.o.).Compounds: Also w. prefix, esp. ἀπο- and κατα- (on the use in Hom. Graz Le feu dans l'Il. et l'Od.259ff.).Derivatives: σβέ-σις ( ἀπό-, κατά- σβέννυμι) f. `extinction, putting out' (Arist. etc.), σβεσ-τήρ, - τῆρος m. `extinguisher' (Plu.; not quite certain), - τήριος `useful for extinguishing' (Th. etc.), - τικός `id.' (Arist. etc.); ἄ-σβεσ-τος `unextinguishable' (Hom. a.o.; σβεστός Nonn.), f. (sc. τίτανος) `unslaked lime' (Dsc., Plu. a. o.) with ἀσβεστ-ήριοι and - ωσις H. as explanation of κονιαταί resp. κονίασις. -- Deviating the aor. κατα-σβῶσαι (Herod.). -- Besides some H.glossen: ζείναμεν (- υμεν?) σβέννυμεν, ἐζίνα (for - είν-) ἐπεσβέννυεν, ἀποζίννυται (cod. - ξ-; for - ζείν-) ἀποσβέννυται; ζόασον σβέσον; ζοάσ\< εις\> σ[ε]βέσεις.Etymology: The above formal system is as a whole built on the root σβεσ- in σβέσ-σαι and ἄ-σβεσ-τος. To the aorist σβέσ(σ)αι joined σβέννυμι from *σβέσ-νυ-μι (on the phonetics Schwyzer 697), σβέσω, σβεσθῆναι, ἔσβεσμαι. To this came as innovation ἔσβην, σβῆναι (after ἔστην, ἐκάην, ἐάγην etc.), to which came σβήσομαι, ἔσβηκα. On itself stands κατα-σβῶσαι, which may have an old lengthened grade (cf. below), but which can also with ζόασον, ζοάσεις (s. ab.) be understood as an iterativ (from *σβοῆσαι) of uncertain date. Cf. (with partly diff. view) Schwyzer 719 and 743 w. n. 1. From the byforms with ζ-, ζείναμεν etc., one can conclude for σβέσ(σ)αι, σβέννυμι to an IE * sgʷes-, which cannot be separated from other verbs for `extinguish': Lith. gęs-tù, gès-ti `extinguish, die out', caus. ges-aũ, -ýti `extinguish', Slav., e.g. OCS u-gašǫ, u-gasiti `extinguish' (IE * gʷōs-; also in - σβῶσαι?; s. ab.), Toch. AB käs- `extinguish'; prob. also Skt. jásate `is extinguished', jāsayati `exhaust'. Hitt. kišt-'be extinguished, perish' (e.g. 3. sg. kištari) is however incompatable with the labiovelar in σβέννυμι. If we posit a pure velar g, which is possible for all other languages, σβέννυμαι must be separated. -- Through the initial σ- Greek is distinguished from its cognates. Prob. it concerns a prefix (after Prellwitz s. v. a mutilated ἐξ-). Diff. Brugmann (e.g. Grundr.2 I 590) and Schwyzer 743 n. 1 (to be rejected). -- Further forms from the diff. languages with uncertain hypotheses and older lit. in Bq and WP. 1, 693f. (Pok. 479f.); s. also Fraenkel Wb. s. gèsti, Vasmer s. gasítь, W.-Hofmann s. sēgnis.Page in Frisk: 2,685-686Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σβέννυμι
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3 σβέννυμι
σβέννῡμι, Hdt.2.66, Pl.Lg. 835e, etc.; [full] σβεννύω, Pi.P.1.5, Hp.Acut. 54, Thphr.Ign.19, etc.: [tense] impf.Aἐσβέννυον Paus.4.21.4
: [tense] fut. σβέσω App BC2.68, ([etym.] κατα-) A.Ag. 958, E.IT 633; [dialect] Ep. σβέσσω Orac. ap. Hdt. 8.77, Theoc.23.26: [tense] aor.ἔσβεσα Il.16.293
(tm.), S.Aj. 1057, Ar.Av. 778 (lyr.); [dialect] Ep. inf.σβέσσαι Il.16.621
; [dialect] Ion. inf.κατα-ς βῶσαι Herod. 5.39
: [tense] pf. and [tense] aor. 2, v. infr.:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut. σβήσομαι ([etym.] ἀπο-) Pl.Lg. 805c: [tense] aor.σβέσαντο Q.S.1.795
:—[voice] Pass., Hes.Op. 590: [tense] fut.σβεσθήσομαι Gal.7.17
: [tense] aor.ἐσβέσθην Hp.Acut.
(Sp.) 26, ([etym.] κατ-) X.HG5.3.8; [dialect] Ep.συν-έσβετο Opp.H.2.477
, etc.: [tense] pf.ἔσβεσμαι Longin.21.1
, Ael.NA9.54, etc., ([etym.] ἀπ-) Hp.Int.43:—besides these, [tense] aor. 2 and [tense] pf. and [tense] plpf. [voice] Act. are used intr.,ἔσβην Il.9.471
, ([etym.] ἀπ-) E.Fr. 971, ([etym.] κατ-) Hdt.4.5; imper. σβῆτε (trans.) Sophr. in Stud.Ital.10.123; part.ἀπο-σβείς Hp.Epid.4.31
: [tense] pf. ἔσβηκα ([etym.] ἀπ-) X.Cyr.8.8.13, ([etym.] κατ-) A.Ag. 888: [tense] plpf. ἐσβήκει ([etym.] ἀπ-) Pl.Smp. 218b:—quench, put out, used by Hom. in the literal sense only in compd. κατα-σβέννυμι (q.v.);σ. τὸ καιόμενον Hdt.2.66
;κεραυνόν Pi.P.1.6
;φλόγα Th.2.77
, A.R.4.668.3 generally and metaph., quench, quell, check,κεῖνός γ' οὐκ ἐθέλει σβέσσαι χόλον Il.9.678
;ἀνθρώπων σβέσσαι μένος 16.621
;ὕβριν Simon.
( 132) ap.Hdt.5.77, cf. Orac. ap. eund.8.77, Heraclit.43, Pl.Lg. 835e; ;ὡς φόνῳ σβέσῃ φόνον E.HF40
;ἔσβεσε κύματα νήνεμος αἴθρη Ar.Av. 778
;σ. αὔξην καὶ ἐπιρροήν Pl.Lg. 783b
; τὸν θυμόν ib. 888a; καῦμα (in the bowels) Hp.Acut.54;ὁ βορέας σ. τὴν θερμότητα Arist.Mete. 347b4
; λιθάργυρον ὄξει ἢ οἴνῳ ς. cooling it, Dsc.5.87; ὕδατι δίψαν ς. A.R.3.1349; σ. τυραννίδα Epigr. ap. Plu.Lyc.20;κλέος AP9.104
(Alph.); Ἑλλάδα φωνήν ib. 451; regard as extinguishable,ταύτας τὰς δυνάμεις Plot.6.4.10
.II [voice] Pass. σβέννυμαι (with intr. tenses of [voice] Act., v. supr.), to be quenched, go out, of fire,οὐδέ ποτ' ἔσβη πῦρ Il.9.471
; of inflamed pustules, go down, disappear, Hp.Acut. (Sp.) 26; ἰχθύων.. ᾠὰ μετὰ ἁλῶν σβεσθέντα (s.v.l.)καὶ ἐποπτηθέντα Diph.Siph.
ap. Ath.3.121c: metaph. of men, become extinct, die, AP 7.20 (Simon.?); of a city, ib.9.178 (Antiphil.).2 of liquids, run dry, ;πηγαί AP9.128
;αἷμα Plu.2.49d
; αἶγες σβεννύμεναι goats which are going off their milk, Hes.Op. 590.3 generally, to be quelled or lulled, of wind,οὐδέ ποτ' ἔσβη οὖρος Od.3.182
; of sound,σβέννυτο θωρήκων ἐνοπή Tryph.10
: metaph.,τὸ μάχιμον σβεννύμενον ὑπὸ γήρως Plu.Pomp.8
; ἐσβέσθη Νίκανδρος his charm is quenched, AP12.39; of an orator, D.H.Pomp. 4;ἐσβέσθη τὰ φίλτρα AP7.221
, cf. Philostr.VA1.33, Longin.21.1; of legal proceedings, to be cancelled,διὰ τὸ ἐσβέσθαι πᾶν σπέρμα δίκης PMonac.1.43
(vi A.D.). (I.-E. zg[uglide]es-, cf. ζείναμεν· σβέννυμεν, Hsch., Lith. gèsti 'to be extinguished'.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σβέννυμι
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4 φεν
φεν- and φα- (cf. φόνος), φένω, roots and assumed pres. for the foll. forms, red. aor. 2 ἔπεφνον, πέφνε, subj. πέφνῃ, inf. πεφνέμεν, part. πεφνόντα, pass. perf. πέφατ(αι), inf. πεφάσθαι, fut. πεφήσεαι, πεφήσεται: kill, slay; of a natural death, only Od. 11.135; fig., ἐκ δ' αἰὼν πέφαται, ‘extinguished,’ Il. 19.27.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > φεν
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5 ψύχω
ψύχω (cp. ψῦχος and ψυχρός; Hom.+; ins; PPetr II, 14 [3], 8 [III B.C.]; LXX) fut. 3 pl. ψύξουσιν Jer 8:2; 1 aor. ἔψυξα LXX; 2 fut. pass. ψυγήσομαι (Galen XI 388 K.—Lob., Phryn. p. 318; Moeris p. 421 P.) ‘make cool/cold’ (Philo, Leg. All. 1, 5) pass. ‘become/grow cold’ (Hdt. et al.; Philo, Cher. 88; Jos., Ant. 7, 343), of fire and flame go out, be extinguished (Pla., Critias 120b) fig. (cp. Jos., Bell. 5, 472 of hope) ψυγήσεται ἡ ἀγάπη Mt 24:12.—DELG. M-M. -
6 ἀποσβέννυμι
V 0-0-1-1-2=4 Is 10,18; Prv 31,18; Sir 3,30; 43,21A: to extinguish, to quench [τι] Sir 3,30; to wither [τι] Sir 43,21 P: to be extinguished Prv 31,18*Is 10,18 ἀποσβεσθήσεται shall be vanished, shall be consumed-יכבו כבה for MT כבוד/ו and the glory -
7 ἀποσβέννυμι
A- ύω A.D.Pron.36.4
, Plu.2.681e), extinguish, quench,τὸ φῶς Trag.Adesp.9
;τοὺς λύχνους Ar.V. 255
;τὸ πῦρ Pl.Hp. Ma.290e
, etc.; alsoἀ. τὸ κακόν Id.R. 556a
;τὸ γένος καὶ ὄνομα X.Cyr. 5.4.30
;ψυχήν AP7.303
(tm.); ἰόν ib. 11.321 (Phil.);τὰς ὁράσεις Plu.
l.c.; Gramm., extinguish, i.e. lose, τὸν τόνον, of enclitics, A.D.Pron. l.c.II [voice] Pass., [tense] pres. in Heraclit.30, Hp.Aër.4, X.Lac.13.3, etc.:— [voice] Med., [tense] fut.ἀποσβήσομαι Pl.Lg. 805c
: [tense] aor. 2 and [tense] pf. [voice] Act. intr., , X.Cyr.l.c., Call.Fr.1.10 P., Theoc.4.39, etc.;ἀπέσβηκα X.Cyr.8.8.13
, Pl.Plt. 269b, etc.: [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Pass.ἀπεσβέσθην Ar.Lys. 293
, Lys.1.14, v.l. in Luc. Cat.27: [tense] pf.ἀπέσβεσμαι Parm.8.21
, Porph. Abst.3.7:—to be extinguished, go out, vanish, die, cease, ll.cc.; of a woman's milk, Hp.Aër.l.c., Arist.GA 777a14;ἀ. ὁ μαστός Id.HA 618b7
: metaph.,ἔρωτος ἀπές βη πυρσός AP12.182
(Strat.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀποσβέννυμι
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8 σβέννυμι
σβέννυμι fut. σβέσω; 1 aor. ἔσβεσα, inf. σβέσαι. Pass.: 1 fut. σβεσθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐσβέσθην LXX; pf. ptc pl. ἐσβεσμένοι 3 Macc. 6:34 (Hom. et al.; Sb 7033, 46; 67; LXX; TestJob 43:5; TestLevi 4:1; Ar. 5, 3; Just., D. 93, 1; Mel., P. 82, 614; Ath., R. 20 p. 73, 11) to cause an action, state, or faculty to cease to function or exist, quench, put outⓐ lit. extinguish, put out τὶ someth., fire (Jos., Bell. 7, 405) Hb 11:34. In imagery, fiery arrows Eph 6:16; a smoldering wick Mt 12:20 (Is 42:3). Pass. be extinguished, be put out, go out (Artem. 2, 9; Pr 13:9; Philo, Leg. All. 1, 46; TestLevi 4:1) of lamps (s. TestJob 43:5 λύχνος … σβεσθείς; PGM 7, 364 σβέσας τὸν λύχνον; Musaeus, Hero and Leander 338) Mt 25:8. Cp. D 16:1. Of a pyre μετʼ ὀλίγον σβεννύμενον MPol 11:2. Of the fire of hell, that οὐ σβέννυται (Is 66:24) Mk 9:44, 46, 48; 2 Cl 7:6; 17:5; μηδέποτε σβεννύμενον πῦρ MPol 2:3.ⓑ fig. ext. of a, quench, stifle, suppress (Il. 9, 678 χόλον; epigram in praise of Apollonius of Tyana: New Docs 3, no. 15, 2 [III/IV A.D.] ἀμπλακίας ‘faults’; Pla., Leg. 8, 835d ὕβριν; 10, 888a τὸν θυμόν; Herm. Wr. 12, 6; SSol 8:7 τὴν ἀγάπην; 4 Macc 16:4 τὰ πάθη; Jos., Bell. 6, 31 τ. χαράν, Ant. 11, 40; Just., D. 93, 1 τὰς φυσικὰς ἐννοίας) τὸ πνεῦμα μὴ σβέννυτε 1 Th 5:19 (Plut., Mor. 402b τοῦ πνεύματος ἀπεσβεσμένου; Ps.-Plut., Hom. 127 τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ κατασβεννύμενον).—DELG. M-M. TW. Spicq.
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